Становлення та розвиток системи покарань у Давньоримській державі
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Дата
2015
ORCID
DOI
Науковий ступінь
Рівень дисертації
Шифр та назва спеціальності
Рада захисту
Установа захисту
Науковий керівник
Члени комітету
Видавець
Право і безпека. - 2015. - № 3 (58). - С. 31–35.
Анотація
Під час дослідження процесу становлення та розвитку системи покарань у Давньому Римі, розкрито мету покарань, показано особливості визначення покарання за злочини, запропоновано
їх класифікацію. Зроблено висновок, що система покарань у період імперії еволюціонувала.
Вона значно ускладнилася і ще більше диференціювала залежно від соціального стану винного і потерпілого. Встановлено, що покарання вирізнялися надзвичайною суворістю, вони мали
на меті не тільки відплатити злочинцеві за скоєний злочин, а й залякати інших.
While studying the formation and development process of the punishment system in the Ancient Rome, it was found out that the ancient Roman criminal law retained the features of gentile society and was closely connected with religion. In determining the punishment for committed crimes the priority had customs and traditions rather than laws. It was presented that the majority of the offences were considered within a private prosecution. Meanwhile, there was the difference between crimes of public and private character. The first group included the crimes against the Roman state and religion like: treason, conspiracy, rebellion, resistance to power, blasphemy, witchcraft, etc., the second included: an attack on the person, evil, destruction or damage of property. The author of the paper has revealed that in the days of the empire Republican criminal legislation had remained to a large extent, which was supplemented by numerous imperial constitutions. For crimes and misdemeanors there was a punishment taking into account the degree of guilt. There was also a difference between planning and encroachment on the crime and committed crime; the punishment for them was different and sometimes, in the first case, there wasn’t any punishment at all. It was concluded that the punishment system in the empire period evolved. It was much more complicated and became more diverse depending on the social status of the guilty party and the victim. Punishments differed with extremely harsh character and were intended not only to repay the offender, but also to intimidate others.
При исследовании процесса становления и развития системы наказаний в Древнем Риме раскрыта цель наказаний, показаны особенности определения наказания за преступления, предложена их классификация. Сделан вывод, что система наказаний в период империи эволюционировала. Она значительно усложнилась и стала еще более разнообразной в зависимости от социального положения виновного и потерпевшего. Установлено, что наказания отличались чрезвычайной суровостью и преследовали цель не только отплатить преступнику, но и устрашить остальных.
While studying the formation and development process of the punishment system in the Ancient Rome, it was found out that the ancient Roman criminal law retained the features of gentile society and was closely connected with religion. In determining the punishment for committed crimes the priority had customs and traditions rather than laws. It was presented that the majority of the offences were considered within a private prosecution. Meanwhile, there was the difference between crimes of public and private character. The first group included the crimes against the Roman state and religion like: treason, conspiracy, rebellion, resistance to power, blasphemy, witchcraft, etc., the second included: an attack on the person, evil, destruction or damage of property. The author of the paper has revealed that in the days of the empire Republican criminal legislation had remained to a large extent, which was supplemented by numerous imperial constitutions. For crimes and misdemeanors there was a punishment taking into account the degree of guilt. There was also a difference between planning and encroachment on the crime and committed crime; the punishment for them was different and sometimes, in the first case, there wasn’t any punishment at all. It was concluded that the punishment system in the empire period evolved. It was much more complicated and became more diverse depending on the social status of the guilty party and the victim. Punishments differed with extremely harsh character and were intended not only to repay the offender, but also to intimidate others.
При исследовании процесса становления и развития системы наказаний в Древнем Риме раскрыта цель наказаний, показаны особенности определения наказания за преступления, предложена их классификация. Сделан вывод, что система наказаний в период империи эволюционировала. Она значительно усложнилась и стала еще более разнообразной в зависимости от социального положения виновного и потерпевшего. Установлено, что наказания отличались чрезвычайной суровостью и преследовали цель не только отплатить преступнику, но и устрашить остальных.
Опис
Lohvynenko, Y.S. (2015), ‘Formation and development of the punishment system in the Ancient Roman
state” [“Stanovlennia ta rozvytok systemy pokaran u Davnorymskii derzhavi”], Pravo i Bezpeka, No. 3,
pp. 31–35.
Логвиненко, Є. С. Становлення та розвиток системи покарань у Давньоримській державі // Право і безпека. - 2015. - № 3 (58). - С. 31–35.
Логвиненко, Є. С. Становлення та розвиток системи покарань у Давньоримській державі // Право і безпека. - 2015. - № 3 (58). - С. 31–35.
Ключові слова
Кримінальне право. Criminal Law. Уголовное право, Наукові публікації. Scientific publications. Научные публикации, Давній Рим, республіка, Історія. History. История, імперія, Закони ХІІ таблиць, злочин, система покарань, смертна кара, тілесні покарання, штраф, Ancient Rome, republic, empire, Laws of XII Tables, crime, punishment system, death penalty, corporal punishment, fine