Визначені та проаналізовані правові (юридичні) підстави кримінальної відповідальності за здійснення
професійної діяльності членом екіпажу або диспетчером управління повітряним рухом у стані алкогольного
сп’яніння або під впливом наркотичних чи психотропних речовин як злочину, передбаченого ст. 276-1 КК
України.
To solve the issues of criminal liability for fulfilling
professional duties by aviation personnel while being intoxicated it is necessary
to define correctly the elements of corpus delicti under the Art. 276-1 of the
Criminal Code of Ukraine. The issues of criminal liability for crimes
against the safety and operation of transport have been the subject of study of
domestic scientists like: S.V. Babanin, V.I. Borisov, S.V. Hizimchuk, O.O. Dudorov,
V.I. Yehorov, M.I. Korzhanskyi, V.A. Myslyvyi, however, a comprehensive study of
the problems of criminal liability for fulfilling professional duties by aviation
personnel while being intoxicated or under the influence of drugs or psychotropic
substances has not practically been carried out.
The objective of this study is to determine and find out the objective and
subjective elements of the crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of
Ukraine as legal grounds for criminal liability. The legal ground for criminal liability the Criminal Code of
Ukraine determines the presence of corpus delicti under the Criminal Code (the Art. 2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) in the committed socially dangerous act
by a person.
The corpus delicti in criminal law science is the crime is a set of objective
elements (object, objective side) and subjective (subject, subjective side), where
the presence of a socially dangerous act is determined as a crime.
Generic object of a crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of
Ukraine, is the safety of traffic and transport operation. The direct object is
aircraft flight safety.
Socially dangerous act of a crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal
Code of Ukraine, is alternative actions: fulfillment of professional duties and
air traffic service, committed under intoxication or the influence of drugs or
psychotropic substances.
Legislation of Ukraine in the field of civil aviation prohibits professional
activities under the influence (action) of any psychoactive substance or any
drug that could endanger the safety of air transport operations. Professional
activity under the influence of such psychoactive substances as alcohol, drugs
or psychotropic substances is the basis for criminal liability for the crime under
the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.
The subject of the crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code Ukraine
is special – the crew members and air traffic dispatcher. According to the
subjective side the crime can be committed only with the direct intent. The legal grounds for criminal liability for fulfilling
professional duties by a crew member or controlling the air traffic by the
air traffic dispatcher while being intoxicated or under the influence of drugs
or psychotropic substances are a set of objective (object, objective side) and
subjective features (subject, subjective side).
Legislation of Ukraine in the field of civil aviation prohibits professional
activities under the influence (action) of any psychoactive substance or any drug
that could endanger the safety of air transport operations. There is a need for
appropriate amendments to the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in
the part of coordinating the intoxication according to the legislation of Ukraine
in the field of civil aviation.
Определены и проанализированы правовые (юридические) основания
уголовной ответственности за осуществление профессиональной деятельности членом экипажа или диспетчером управления воздушным
движением в состоянии алкогольного опьянения или под воздействием
наркотических или психотропных веществ как преступления, предусмотренного ст. 276-1 УК Украины.
