Організаційно-правова модель діяльності поліції країн Балтії щодо протидії тероризму: перспективи реалізації позитивного досвіду в Україні

Abstract

Досліджено основи організаційно-правової діяльності поліції країн Балтії щодо протидії тероризму. Особливу увагу приділено специфіці діяльності антитерористичних підрозділів поліції країн Балтії, їх завданням та основним напрямам роботи. На підставі проведеного аналізу обґрунтовано доцільність використання досвіду діяльності антитерористичних поліцейських підрозділів Естонії (K-COMMANDO), Латвії (ОМЕГА) та Литви (ARAS) в Україні.It has been noted that the problem of peacekeeping and international security is nowadays relevant for Ukraine than ever. Events in the Eastern regions of Ukraine have shown a sharp increase in the terrorist threat and require the implementation of qualitatively new methods of detecting, preventing and combating revitalization of terrorist organizations and to take strong measures to detect and effective block of channels of financial support of such activities. The article’s objective is to study of the bases of organizational and legal activities of the police of the Baltic countries on combating terrorism and to outline the perspectives for its implementation in Ukraine. It has been found out that to prevent terrorist threats Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania created anti-terrorism police units K-COMMANDO (Estonia), OMEGA (Latvia) and ARAS (Lithuania). Anti-terrorist police unit K-COMMANDO in Estonia was established after the collapse of the Soviet Union to solve specific tasks in fighting against organized criminal and terrorist organizations. Anti-terrorist police unit OMEGA in Latvia was established in the early 90s to solve specific tasks in fighting against organized criminal and terrorist organizations. Anti-terrorist police unit OMEGA in Latvia cooperates with many other anti-terrorist units in Europe. Division of the Lithuanian police on anti-terrorist operations «ARAS» is an independent specialized police unit, which includes the headquarters, department on information, analysis and negotiations, department on search and disposal of explosives, special squad, three companies, one of which is located in the port city of Klaipeda. The departments also include specialized groups of intelligence, snipers, climbers, combat swimmers, professional negotiators. Departments of K-COMMANDO (Estonia), OMEGA (Latvia), ARAS (Lithuania) are provided with modern weapons and equipment for successful execution of their tasks. The professionalism of the units’ personnel is tested more than once a year in real operations. Much experience the units’ officers get, when they take part in various training special operations, organized by both the United States and other leading world countries. Having examined the advantages of international experience of institutional support for the fight against terrorism and on the basis of current realities in Ukraine (holding anti-terrorist operation on its territory, an increased level of terrorist threat) we have to state that the positive experience of anti-terrorist police units’ activities in Estonia (K-COMMANDO), Latvia (OMEGA) Lithuania (ARAS) deserves further study and implementation into the activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine, namely we need to create a new single structural unit to deal with antiterrorist operations in Ukraine and will be a part of the special purpose police of the National Police of Ukraine.Исследованы основы организационно-правовой деятельности полиции стран Балтии по противодействию терроризму. Особое внимание уделено специфике деятельности антитеррористических подразделений полиции стран Балтии, их заданиям и основным направлениям работы. На основании проведённого анализа обоснована целесообразность использования опыта деятельности антитеррористических полицейских подразделений Эстонии (K-COMMANDO), Латвии (ОМЕГА) и Литвы (ARAS) в Украине.