Особливості діяльності деяких правоохоронних органів: національний та зарубіжний досвід

Abstract

У роботі досліджено особливості й сучасні тенденції розвитку правоохоронних систем деяких країн Європи, США та Японії щодо заходів, спрямованих на забезпечення належного стану публічної безпеки та охорони публічного порядку. Враховуючи міжнародний досвід, надано пропозиції щодо вдосконалення основних напрямів діяльності правоохоронних органів системи МВС України.It has been determined that the MIA system reform is aimed at improving and optimising its structure, organising activities with a view to combating crime and corruption, timely detection of collaboration and prevention of threats to Ukraine’s external and internal security, and improving the level of protection of citizens' rights and freedoms and prevention of offences. The goal of this process is to complete the transformation of the MIA system into a law enforcement agency that meets modern European requirements. The peculiarities and current trends in the development of law enforcement systems of the European Union, the USA and Japan in terms of measures aimed at ensuring the proper state of public security and public order have been studied. The principles of municipal police units functioning in Germany, the UK, the USA and Japan have been considered. An analysis of the National Police and other law enforcement agencies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine has been carried out, and the peculiarities and current trends in the development of law enforcement systems of foreign countries with regard to measures aimed at ensuring the proper state of public security and public order have been studied. The means of interaction between the police and local executive authorities, local self-government, public organisations and the public have been considered. Taking into account international experience, the author makes proposals for improving the main areas of activity of law enforcement agencies of the MIA of Ukraine. It has been suggested to consider the possibility of reviving the functioning of municipal (local) police units in Ukraine, which should assist regional police units in solving the tasks of public order protection and combating offences. In this regard, it is appropriate to use the experience of municipal police in Germany, the UK, the USA and Japan, as well as in Ukraine.В работе исследованы особенности и современные тенденции развития правоохранительных систем некоторых стран Европы, США и Японии по мерам, направленным на обеспечение надлежащего состояния общественной сохранности и охраны общественного порядка. Учитывая международный опыт, предоставлены предложения по усовершенствованию основных направлений деятельности правоохранительных органов системы МВД.