Проблема визначення статі потерпілої особи у зґвалтуванні

Abstract

Розглянуто питання щодо проблеми визначення ознак потерпілої особи у складі кримінального правопорушення, передбаченого статтею 152 КК України. Висвітлено дискусійні аспекти розглядуваної проблематики, виявлено певні неточності чинного закону про кримінальну відповідальність за зґвалтування та надано пропозиції стосовно вдосконалення тексту диспозиції цієї статті КК.

The article deals with the issue of determining the characteristics of a victim in a criminal offense under Article 152 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The author highlights the controversial aspects of the issue under consideration, identifies certain inaccuracies in the current law on criminal liability for rape, and makes proposals for improving the text of the disposition of this article of the Criminal Code. It is noted that recent changes in the current version of the disposition of Article 152 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, compared to its previous version, in certain cases violate the rights of men in the field of criminal law protection of sexual freedom and sexual inviolability of a person since a man can not be recognized as a victim under this article of the law in all cases of rape, as evidenced by the absence in Article 152 of the Criminal Code of signs of rape of men by women in a heterosexual act with the use of genitals. This not only violates gender equality in the protection of sexual freedom and sexual inviolability but also violates such principles of criminalization of socially dangerous acts as the principles of constitutional adequacy, systemic and legal consistency, and completeness of the criminal offense. In this regard, it is proposed to eliminate this gap and bring the provisions of the latest version of Article 152 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in line with the requirements of gender equality and the principles of criminalization of socially dangerous acts by amending the text of its disposition, introducing one of the following two options for improvement. The first option is to remove the phrase “other person” or one word – “other” – from the disposition of this article. This will allow for an expansive interpretation of the term “penetration of the body” to include penetration of the victim’s body as well as penetration of the perpetrator’s body. The second option is to replace the word “other” with the phrase “victim or perpetrator”.

Рассмотрен вопрос о проблеме определения признаков потерпевшего лица в составе уголовного правонарушения, предусмотренного статьей 152 УК Украины, освещены дискуссионные аспекты рассматриваемой проблематики, выявлены определенные неточности действующего закона об уголовной ответственности за изнасилование и предоставлены предложения по усовершенствованию текста диспозиции этой статьи УК.