Протидія кіберзлочинності в Україні як складова забезпечення національної безпеки

Abstract

У статті досліджується поняття та сутність кіберзлочинності. Розглядається питання протидії кіберзлочинності, як складової забезпечення національної безпеки України. Автор дотримується позиції виокремлення трьох основних рівнів здійснення відповідних заходів протидії кіберзлочинності (загальносоціального, спеціально–кримінологічного і індивідуального). На підставі аналізу практики протидії кіберзлочинності запропоновано основні пріоритетні напрямки удосконалення діяльності кіберполіції з протидії кіберзлочинності.

The rapid development of scientifi c and technological progress and the widespread use of modern information technologies have an undeniable positive impact on social processes. At the same time, the benefi ts of the digital world and the development of information technologies have created new threats to national and international security. Along with incidents of natural (unintentional) origin, there is an increase in the number and power of cyber attacks, motivated by the interests of certain states, groups and individuals. The cases of illicit collection, storage, use, destruction, distribution of personal data, illegal fi nancial transactions, theft and fraud in the Internet are increased. Cybercrime becomes transnational and can seriously damage the interests of an individual, society and the state. The use of computer technologies in the commission of crimes is a special kind of socially dangerous and illegal activity, which is becoming more widespread both on a global scale and in some countries, including Ukraine. This poses new challenges to the law enforcement agencies to combat cybercrime. Despite the large number of criminal offenses in the fi eld of information technologies, the threats that are constantly occurring in this area, nowadays there is no single understanding of the concept of cybercrime in Ukraine,and accordingly, there is no its offi cial unifi ed regulatory legal consolidation. Along with the concept of cybercrime we actively use in everyday and, sometimes, scientifi c circulation such concepts as “computer crime”, “IT criminality”, “crime in the fi eld of information relations”, “virtual crime”. Excessive scientifi c and technological progress is directly linked to the situation, where there is the world of cybercrime. Cybercriminals create new methods of committing crimes and fi nd shortcomings in security systems faster than those who oppose them, they have time to correct mistakes and improve the security system. Cybercrimes became “crimes of the third millennium”. The author of the article studies the concept and essence of cybercrime. The issue of counteracting cybercrime as a component of ensuring the national security of Ukraine is considered. The author adheres to the position of distinguishing the three main levels of implementation of appropriate measures to combat cybercrime (general and social, special and criminological, individual). Based on the analysis of the practice of countering cybercrime, the author has offered the main priority directions to improve the activity of cyberpolice in combating cybercrime.