Поняття та значення соціальних гарантій військовослужбовців за трудовим законодавством України

Abstract

Розглянуто загально теоретичні підходи щодо тлумачення понять «гарантії» та «соціальні гарантії». Розкрито положення норм чинного законодавства, в якому закріплюються соціальні гарантії військовослужбовців в Україні. Запропоновано авторське визначення поняття соціальних гарантій військовослужбовців, а також окреслено його ознаки. Наголошено на важливості та необхідності забезпечення та реалізації соціальних гарантій військовослужбовців.The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine determined the need to provide the Armed Forces of Ukraine with high-quality personnel, because only professionals are able to ensure the proper level of defense capability of our country. A unified system of social and legal guarantees established by the state, as well as an appropriate legal mechanism for their implementation, is effective in stimulating military personnel. This issue became especially acute in the realities of the legal regime of martial law and the announced general mobilization. After all, proper provision of social guarantees contributes to the satisfaction of material and other needs of military personnel, as well as their family members. The purpose of the article is: to define the concept and reveal the meaning of social guarantees of military personnel under the labor legislation of Ukraine. The article, based on the analysis of the scientific views of scientists, reveals general theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concepts of "guarantee" and "social guarantee". The provisions of the norms of the current legislation, which enshrine social guarantees of military personnel in Ukraine, have been revealed. The author's definition of the concept of social guarantees of military personnel is proposed, as well as its features are outlined. The importance and necessity of providing and implementing social guarantees for military personnel was emphasized. It was concluded that the main features of social guarantees for military personnel are the most expedient to include: 1) legal consolidation, mainly in the norms of the labor legislation of Ukraine; 2) support from the country, which is manifested in legislative reinforcement, as well as financing from state, local budgets and other sources provided for by legislation; 3) mandatory character; 4) compliance of the level of social guarantees of military personnel with generally recognized standards in the field of social security; 5) availability of additional social guarantees and benefits for military personnel, in comparison with other subjects of labor law. Social guarantees of servicemen play an important role, since with their help it is considered possible: 1) to ensure the appropriate level of social security and support of servicemen, as well as their family members; 2) to motivate military personnel to better perform their duties; 3) create favorable conditions to encourage citizens to join the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine; 4) increase the prestige of the military service, as well as the general level of trust of the population in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the state. In addition, it is worth noting that the high level of social guarantees, including on the positive side, characterizes Ukraine as a democratic and socially oriented state.Рассмотрены общетеоретические подходы к толкованию понятий «гарантии» и «социальные гарантии». Раскрыты положения норм действующего законодательства, в котором закрепляются социальные гарантии военнослужащих в Украине. Предложено авторское определение понятия социальных гарантий военнослужащих, а также обозначены его признаки. Отмечено важность и необходимость обеспечения и реализации социальных гарантий военнослужащих.