Прецедентний характер рішень Європейського суду з прав людини в сучасному цивільному процесуальному праві України

Abstract

Надано характеристику Європейській конвенції з прав людини та перспектив формування на її основі прецедентної моделі судових рішень Європейського суду з прав людини в контексті національної системи цивільного судочинства.The author of the article has proved that the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950 plays a special role in the regulation of relations on the administration of justice in civil cases. It is the universal international document as evidenced, in particular, by the fact that many provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights are reproduced in its Articles. It has been concluded in the paper that, based on the nature of using the mentioned terms, it can be summed up that the provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine require the courts to apply the caselaw of the European Court of Human Rights as the source of law, regardless of whether a specific decision was made with the participation of Ukraine or not. It may be noted that it is actually about the formation of a certain model of applying court decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. The author of the paper supports the point of view of those authors (R.A. Maidanyk and others) who believe that judicial precedent in a narrow sense is understood as the ratio decidendi of the case, that is, a part of the decision that contains the norm of law created by the higher court in the process of deciding a specific case, if there is a gap or ambiguity in the legal regulation. In a broad sense, it is a court decision in general, which contains such a norm. Accordingly, substantinaiting the presence of features of judicial precedent in the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, one should consider the defined understanding of judicial precedent. Besides, it should be appropriate to consider the issue of judicial legislation, which is an integral part of precedent law, which is also gradually being formed in the justice system of Ukraine at the present time (H.P. Tymchenko, D.M. Yasynok, etc.). It has been emphasized that the application of precedent practice of the European Court on the basis of the European Convention on Human Rights in the legal framework of Ukraine will contribute both to the approchement of the Ukrainian state with European standards of human rights and will ensure the protection of human rights and freedoms in domestic relationships, which in turn will positively affect the implementation of the rule of law principles declared at the constitutional level.Дана характеристика Европейской конвенции по правам человека и перспектив формирования на ее основе прецедентной модели судебных решений Европейского суда по правам человека в контексте национальной системы гражданского судопроизводства.