Процесуальний статус захисника за КПК України: проблеми регламентації та шляхи їх удосконалення

Abstract

Статтю присвячено проблемним питанням правового регулювання статусу захисника у кримінальному провадженні, визначенню основних особливостей процесуального статусу захисника, та його структурних компонентів у руслі сучасного законодавчого регулювання, а також з’ясуванню його функціонального призначення. Наголошено на необхідності закріплення в окремій статті КПК України процесуальних прав захисника як самостійного учасника кримінального провадження.

There is considered the question of legislative regulation of the procedural status (rights and duties) of a defender in a criminal proceeding. It was determined, tрat according to the valid Criminal procedural code of Ukraine of 2012, proxies of a defender remain insufficiently regulated, because the separated paragraph, devoted to this question is absent. Having analyzed requirements of paragraph 46 of CPC of Ukraine, it was stated, that rights of a defender are derivative from rights of a suspected, accused person, whose defense is realized. According to the author, it is conditioned by the fact that as opposite to other participants of a criminal proceeding, a defender cannot participate in it independently. At the same time such situation in any case must not influence the distinct fixation of correspondent rights and duties of a defender in the CPC of Ukraine. The determination and distinct fixation of correspondent rights and duties of a defender in the CPC of Ukraine will be a guarantee of providing the effective defense of rights, freedoms and legal interests of a suspected person by him. Having studied statements of the CPC of Ukraine, there was determined that the procedural status of a defender includes several “familiar” statuses. Especially, from one side a defender has right of a suspected person, from another one – legal barrister status. Thus, the volume of criminal procedural rights and guarantees of their realization is essentially wider in a defender than in a suspected person. It is proved also by the fact that a suspected person hasn’t a right to sent a barrister inquiry that is realized by a defender for obtaining stuff, copies of documents, information, conclusions of experts, conclusions of revisions, acts of examination from state authorities, local administration, enterprises, institutions, official and physical persons. That is why rights of a barrister and suspected person cannot be identified by volume.

Статья посвящена проблемным вопросам правового регулирования статуса защитника в уголовном производстве, определению основных особенностей процессуального статуса защитника, и его структурных компонентов в русле современного законодательного регулирования, а также выяснению его функционального назначения. Отмечена необходимость закрепления в отдельной статье УПК Украины процессуальных прав защитника как самостоятельного участника уголовного судопроизводства.