Види правової допомоги

Abstract

У статті наголошено, що правова допомога, будучи однією з провідних конституційних гарантій захисту й охорони прав, свобод та інтересів особи в межах відповідних суспільних відносин, може набувати численних різновидів. Підкреслено, що визначення окремих різновидів правової допомоги має одне з першорядних значень в аспекті встановлення теоретичних і прикладних проблем інституту професійної правничої допомоги в кримінальному процесі.In the article, it has been emphasized that legal aid, being one of the leading constitutional guarantees for the protection and safeguarding of the rights, freedoms and interests of the individual within the relevant public relations, can take many forms. It has been emphasized that the definition of certain types of legal aid is of paramount importance in terms of establishing theoretical and applied problems of the institute of professional legal assistance in criminal proceedings. This is due to the fact that the definition of a particular type of legal aid will contribute to the most detailed description of the problem that occurs within such forms and types, as a result of which it will be possible to provide the most effective recommendations on possible ways to overcome them. The conceptual and categorical apparatus used in the presented research has been specified. It has been found that the forms of legal aid indicate the external manifestation of such activities, ie how it occurs, while its types – its individual components or directions and methods of its implementation. It has been noted that the types of legal aid have the appropriate legal basis for their implementation. It has been proposed to consider a separate direction of such assistance defined in the provisions of regulations under the guise of providing legal assistance. It has been established that given the diversity of social relations that arise and are manifested in the provision of legal aid, today it seems possible to name a significant number of varieties of the latter, in connection with which we have carried out their scientific classification depending on a predetermined criterion: the type of legal service provided within the framework of legal aid; payability; type of free legal aid; the number of subjects of legal relations for the provision of legal assistance; the type of legal aid entity; the status (public or private) of the subject of legal aid; the area within which legal aid is provided; judicial specialization; specialization of judges in specific cases; procedural legislation, which determines the legal basis for the provision of legal assistance; stages of the trial; stages of the criminal process; the type of procedural action during which legal aid is provided; whether the information was entered into the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations.В статье отмечается, что правовая помощь, являясь одной из ведущих конституционных гарантий защиты и охраны прав, свобод и интересов личности в пределах соответствующих общественных отношений, может приобретать многочисленные разновидности. Подчеркнуто, что определение отдельных разновидностей правовой помощи имеет одно из первостепенных значений в аспекте установления теоретических и прикладных проблем института профессиональной юридической помощи в уголовном процессе.