Правові засади застосування медіації як способу вирішення публічно-правових спорів : автореферат дисертації

Abstract

Дисертацію присвячено аналізу правових засад застосування медіації як способу вирішення публічно-правових спорів. Зʼясовано сутність та особливості публічно-правових спорів, їх види та критерії медіабельності. Визначено поняття та принципи застосування медіації як способу вирішення публічно-правового спору, а також нормативні засади її застосування. Охарактеризовано процедури медіації як способу вирішення публічноправових спорів, види та правовий статус суб’єктів здійснення медіації, порядок її здійснення, а також особливості укладення та виконання медіаційної угоди. Розглянуто шляхи вдосконалення правового регулювання медіації як способу вирішення публічно-правового спору, в тому числі з використанням зарубіжного досвіду.The dissertation is devoted to the analysis of legal bases of the use of mediation as a way of resolving public-law disputes. It was argued that with the advent of the updated category of «public-management functions» there was a reload of the content of relations at the level of «state-citizen», causing the transition to a new stage of relations, where the realization of the rights, freedoms and interests of citizens is ensured by the servicing nature of the functioning of the state apparatus, which was reflected in the emergence of bilateral influence of the parties in public-law relations. It has been proved that discretionary powers should be used to ensure the broadest protection of human rights and citizens. The existing legislative variability in the powers of a civil servant is a favorable factor for the application of mediation, since the possibility of choosing one or another solution contributes to a compromise, more qualitative consideration and objective circumstances, and subjective points of view of the parties. Therefore, discretionary powers should turn from corruption risks into one of the promising means of ensuring the full rights of citizens. Formulated the author's definition of the concept «mediatability of a public-law dispute» as a set of properties of a dispute, for which the mandatory presence by mutual consent there is a probability of its settlement through the mediation procedure. Developed criteria or properties for the mediatability of a public-law dispute. It was determined that mediation as a way of resolving public-law disputes this is a flexible, structured, confidential procedure organized by a mediator, built on the principles of voluntariness, equality and cooperation, in which the parties try to reach consensus in order to eliminate the public-law dispute. Using mediation as a way of resolving public-law disputes within the framework of the judicial process is considered as one of the effective ways of protecting the rights, freedoms and interests of individuals, the rights and interests of legal entities from violations by the subjects of power authorities. Its effectiveness is provided by the rules of dispositive law dispose of their own requirements at their own discretion, as well as the opportunity to achieve reconciliation at any stage of the trial process, filing a petition or application on conducting a mediation procedure for resolving a public-law dispute and receiving postponement or suspension of proceedings, within which a mediation procedure is conducted. Taking as a basis the idea of the «house of justice with many doors» by Professor F. Sander taking into account the norms of the CAJ of Ukraine, models mediation as a way of resolving public-law disputes are highlighted. So, taking into account the provisions of Part 4 of Art. 124 of the Constitution of Ukraine and Art. 17 CAJ Ukraine, the parties to the public legal dispute can settle it using: I. Nonmediation mediation; II Pre-trial mediation: by filing a lawsuit as a result of which the conciliation is to be considered, through: 1) mediation rooms; 2) with the help of an independent professional mediator who practices privately. Taking into account the legislative provision on the provision of mediation services on a professional basis, is proposed by the sole subject of mediation as a way of resolving public-law disputes as a mediator. The definition of procedure of mediation as a complex of successive elements (stages and stages) is proposed, within the limits of which each local tasks are solved, aimed at reaching the general goal, developing a consensus solution. It is noted that the procedure for carrying out mediation as a way of resolving a publiclaw dispute consists of three stages – preparatory, mediation talks and the implementation of the mediation agreement, which includes certain stages. Disclosed legal nature of the mediation agreement. The ways of improvement of legal principles are formulated of mediation as a way of resolving a public-law dispute.Диссертация посвящена анализу правовых основ применения медиации как способа решения публично-правовых споров. Выяснено сущность и особенности публично-правовых споров, их виды и критерии медиабельности. Определено понятие и принципы применения медиации как способа решения публично-правового спора, а также нормативные основы ее применения. Охарактеризовано процедуры медиации как способа решения публично-правовых споров, виды и правовой статус субъектов осуществления медиации, порядок ее осуществления, а также особенности заключения и исполнения медиационного соглашения. Определены пути совершенствования правового регулирования медиации как способа решения публично-правового спора, в том числе с использованием зарубежного опыта.