Способи незаконної порубки і контрабанди лісу, вчиненої організованою злочинною групою

Abstract

Підкреслено, що способи незаконної порубки і контрабанди лісу, вчиненої організованою злочинною групою, представлені комплексом дій з підготовки, безпосереднього вчинення та приховування створення та діяльності організованої групи, здійснення незаконних рубок лісу та його переміщення через митний кордон України. Встановлено, що способи вказаних кримінальних правопорушень знаходяться у тісному взаємозв’язку (кореляції) із знаряддям і засобами їх скоєння, а також типовими слідами.

In the article has been emphasized that the methods of illegal logging and smuggling of forests by an organized criminal group are a set of actions to prepare, directly commit and conceal the creation and activities of an organized group, illegal logging and its movement across the customs border of Ukraine. It has been established that the methods of these criminal offenses are closely related (correlated) with the tools and means of their commission, as well as typical traces. It has been found that the methods of organizing an illegal criminal group of illegal logging and smuggling of forest are represented by the methods of organizing a criminal group, methods of illegal logging, methods of forest smuggling. These methods include a set of actions aimed at preparing, committing and concealing an illegal act. It should also be noted that these actions are closely related, as the commission of some of them facilitates the commission of others. The methods of preparation, commission and concealment of illegal bail and smuggling of forests committed by an organized criminal group have singled out and characterized. It has been noted that the training is carried out in order to select participants, develop a plan of illegal activities and the distribution of roles among the members of the organized group; determination of the list of tools and means necessary for logging and smuggling of forests, their search and preparation; determination of the subject of encroachment (species of trees, shrubs, their volumes and conditions); choosing the place and time of committing a criminal offense; establishing corrupt and other connections necessary to facilitate the achievement of a criminal illegal plan and to avoid criminal prosecution; study of the market and establishment of forest sales channels abroad; obtaining permits for deforestation (in case of illegal deforestation under the guise of legal economic activity); forgery of documentation for deforestation and movement of lumber and timber abroad; etc. It has been stated that the methods of direct commission of illegal logging and forest smuggling committed by an organized criminal group are represented by three groups of actions – the creation of an organized group, illegal logging and forest smuggling. It has been found that in 25,47 % of cases, criminals committed actions aimed at concealing their illegal acts (the fact of commission, their scope, etc.) or their involvement in them.

Подчеркнуто, что способы незаконной порубки и контрабанды леса, совершенной организованной преступной группой, представлены комплексом действий по подготовке, непосредственному совершению и сокрытию создания и деятельности организованной группы, осуществлению незаконных рубок леса и его перемещению через таможенную границу Украины. Установлено, что способы указанных уголовных правонарушений находятся в тесной взаимосвязи (корреляции) с орудиями и средствами их совершения, а также типовыми следами.