Досвід Латвії в програмуванні протидії злочинності: можливості для України

Abstract

Розглянуто досвід Латвії в програмуванні протидії злочинності в сучасних умовах. Встановлено, що єдина комплексна державна програма протидії злочинності відсутня. За результатами проведеного дослідження обґрунтовується можливість запозичення досвіду Латвії для України в частині визначення альтернативних джерел фінансування програмних документів, а також запровадження моделі «Програма-проектів».The article describes the experience of Latvia in programming the counteraction of crime in modern conditions. It is established that Latvia among the countries of the European Union in most can be attributed to a country with a stable criminogenic situation. However, recently the share of especially grave crimes (homicide in particular) and juvenile delinquency is increasing, influences the formation of state policy in the sphere of counteraction crime. It was found that there is no unified comprehensive state crime prevention program. However, there are other strategic and program documents defining a modern crime prevention policy in Latvia, namely: the Strategy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Latvia for 2017-2019 and the Concept of the International Police Cooperation and Fight against Crime program for 2014-2021. These two documents are interrelated and complement each other, as well as based on other government strategies for the country's socioeconomic development. The Strategy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Latvia for 2017-2019 determines the relevant priorities and activities in the sphere of counteraction crime that are necessary for the implementation of the police as a whole and the public security police. The concept of the “International police cooperation and fight against crime” program for 2014–2021, by its content, is mostly aimed at counteracting economic crimes, corruption, as well as domestic and gender-based violence. A distinctive feature of the Concept of the “International Police Cooperation and the Fight against Crime” program for 2014–2021 is that this program document represents a certain symbiosis of individual elements of strategic documents: Concept - Program - Plan - Basic Software Projects. It also clearly establishes a differentiated approach to determining the relationship between “soft” and “hard” measures, which are used in two program areas PJ20 (International police cooperation and the fight against crime) and PJ22 (Domestic and Gender Violence). The possibility of borrowing the experience of Latvia for Ukraine regarding the programming of such activities in terms of identifying alternative sources of funding for program documents, as well as the implementation of the "Program-projects" model, is substantiated.Рассмотрен опыт Латвии в программировании противодействия преступности в современных условиях. Установлено, что единая комплексная государственная программа противодействия преступности отсутствует. По результатам проведенного исследования обосновывается возможность заимствования опыта Латвии для Украины в части определения альтернативных источников финансирования программных документов, а также внедрение модели «Программа-проектов».