Зарубіжний досвід взаємодії державних органів та інститутів громадянського суспільства: актуальні напрями та можливості імплементації

Abstract

Досліджено нормативно-правове регулювання та форми участі громадян та їх об’єднань у процесі державного будівництва в Республіці Білорусь, Республіці Казахстан та в Естонській республіці, проаналізовано основні здобутки цих країн і сфері розбудови громадянського суспільства. Визначено основні напрями імплементації зарубіжного досвіду взаємодії громадян, їх об’єднань та держави в національну практику та діяльність органів державної влади України.

In the article, the author analyzes the content of international documents adopted at the level of the United Nations and the Council of Europe in terms of enhancing the participation of civil society in the public and political life of their countries. It has been established that the normative acts of these international organizations determine the participation of civil society institutions and individual citizens in the implementation of state policy and the policy of carrying out reforms as one of the important elements of the development of modern society. Among the main forms of such participation are indicated the implementation of consultations with the public, the participation of non-governmental organizations in the work of state bodies, by submitting proposals and expert opinions to state regulations, the implementation of state programs and projects by non-governmental organizations. The legal regulation and forms of participation of citizens and their associations in the process of state building in the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Estonia have been investigated, the main achievements of these countries and the development of civil society have been analyzed. The main directions of the implementation of the foreign experience of interaction between citizens, their associations and the state in the national practice and activities of state authorities of Ukraine, in particular: - constitutional consolidation of the right of civil society to discuss issues of state and public life at state and local assemblies; introduction of a monthly “Awareness Day”, the purpose of which is to inform the public of the main steps taken in the country for its development; implementation of the “Interactive Platform” project, which was held in October-November 2020 with the aim of discussing the directions of constitutional reform (Republic of Belarus); - implementation of the “Open Government” project, creation of an institution of authorized persons for interaction with non-governmental organizations, development of the activities of the National Council of Public Trust (Republic of Kazakhstan); - development of the national project “Government Communication”, which is the main marker of citizens’ participation in public affairs and requires state bodies and institutions to ensure a transparent policy for the development of government decisions, the involvement of non-governmental organizations in the process of their development (Republic of Estonia).

Исследованы нормативно-правовое регулирование и формы участия граждан и их объединений в процессе государственного строительства в Республике Беларусь, Республике Казахстан и в Эстонской республике, проанализированы основные достижения этих стран и в сфере развития гражданского общества. Определены основные направления имплементации зарубежного опыта взаимодействия граждан, их объединений и государства в национальную практику и деятельность органов государственной власти.