Деякі міркування щодо форм реалізації кримінальної відповідальності та інших заходів кримінально-правового характеру

Abstract

На підставі аналізу положень чинного кримінального, кримінального процесуального законодавства України, а також відповідних доктринальних точок зору формулюються узагальнюючі висновки щодо форм реалізації кримінальної відповідальності та інших заходів кримінально-правового характеру.

On the basis of the analysis of provisions of the current criminal, criminal and procedural legislation of Ukraine, as well as relevant doctrinal points of view the author formulates general conclusions concerning the forms of implementing criminal liability and other criminal and legal measures. It is noted that the state response to violations of criminal and legal prohibitions according to the current criminal law is realized by the use of different criminal and legal measures, which regarding to the content may be punitive and non-punitive, but compulsory or encouraging or those that are based on humanistic principles and inappropriateness of criminal proceedings. Punitive criminal and legal measures are implemented exclusively through criminal liability. In turn non-punitive measures may be implemented either through criminal liability that requires adoption of additional certain procedural or normative and legal acts along with the conviction (the Articles: 75-79, 81; P. 1, 2 of the Art. 84; the Art. 83, P. 2 of the Art. 86; P. 2 of the Articles 87, 91 and 104 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), or beyond the limits of such liability. Their implementation involves a decision in the form of a judgement or a resolution of an investigator, prosecutor (P. 2 of the Art. 19; c. 1 of P. 1 of the Art. 93; the Art. 17; P. 1, 2 of the Art. 31; the Articles 36-43, 44-47, 96-5; P. 5 of the Art. 110-2; P. 2 of the Art. 111; P. 2 of the Art. 114; P. 2 of the Art. 255 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, etc.). The decision on the application of criminal and legal measures to individuals is manifested in the judgment’s operative part regarding an individual’s authorized person, who committed one of the offences under the Art. 96-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. However, despite the fact that these measures are implemented through the adoption of a conviction that is substantial attribute of the criminal liability for an individual, taking into account their legal nature, criminal and legal measures are used, which are not criminal liability. In other words, the state response in the form of criminal and legal measures, but not criminal liability in the form of punishment is used to an individual.

На основании анализа действующего уголовного, уголовного процессуального законодательства Украины, а также соответствующих научных точек зрения формулируются обобщающие выводы относительно форм реализации уголовной ответственности и иных мер уголовно-правового характера.