Правові підстави кримінальної відповідальності за здійснення професійної діяльності членом екіпажу або диспетчером управління повітряним рухом у стані алкогольного сп’яніння або під впливом наркотичних чи психотропних речовин

Abstract

Визначені та проаналізовані правові (юридичні) підстави кримінальної відповідальності за здійснення професійної діяльності членом екіпажу або диспетчером управління повітряним рухом у стані алкогольного сп’яніння або під впливом наркотичних чи психотропних речовин як злочину, передбаченого ст. 276-1 КК України.

To solve the issues of criminal liability for fulfilling professional duties by aviation personnel while being intoxicated it is necessary to define correctly the elements of corpus delicti under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The issues of criminal liability for crimes against the safety and operation of transport have been the subject of study of domestic scientists like: S.V. Babanin, V.I. Borisov, S.V. Hizimchuk, O.O. Dudorov, V.I. Yehorov, M.I. Korzhanskyi, V.A. Myslyvyi, however, a comprehensive study of the problems of criminal liability for fulfilling professional duties by aviation personnel while being intoxicated or under the influence of drugs or psychotropic substances has not practically been carried out. The objective of this study is to determine and find out the objective and subjective elements of the crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine as legal grounds for criminal liability. The legal ground for criminal liability the Criminal Code of Ukraine determines the presence of corpus delicti under the Criminal Code (the Art. 2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) in the committed socially dangerous act by a person. The corpus delicti in criminal law science is the crime is a set of objective elements (object, objective side) and subjective (subject, subjective side), where the presence of a socially dangerous act is determined as a crime. Generic object of a crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is the safety of traffic and transport operation. The direct object is aircraft flight safety. Socially dangerous act of a crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is alternative actions: fulfillment of professional duties and air traffic service, committed under intoxication or the influence of drugs or psychotropic substances. Legislation of Ukraine in the field of civil aviation prohibits professional activities under the influence (action) of any psychoactive substance or any drug that could endanger the safety of air transport operations. Professional activity under the influence of such psychoactive substances as alcohol, drugs or psychotropic substances is the basis for criminal liability for the crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The subject of the crime under the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code Ukraine is special – the crew members and air traffic dispatcher. According to the subjective side the crime can be committed only with the direct intent. The legal grounds for criminal liability for fulfilling professional duties by a crew member or controlling the air traffic by the air traffic dispatcher while being intoxicated or under the influence of drugs or psychotropic substances are a set of objective (object, objective side) and subjective features (subject, subjective side). Legislation of Ukraine in the field of civil aviation prohibits professional activities under the influence (action) of any psychoactive substance or any drug that could endanger the safety of air transport operations. There is a need for appropriate amendments to the Art. 276-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in the part of coordinating the intoxication according to the legislation of Ukraine in the field of civil aviation.

Определены и проанализированы правовые (юридические) основания уголовной ответственности за осуществление профессиональной деятельности членом экипажа или диспетчером управления воздушным движением в состоянии алкогольного опьянения или под воздействием наркотических или психотропных веществ как преступления, предусмотренного ст. 276-1 УК Украины.