Типові способи шахрайства, вчиненого організованою злочинною групою у сфері житлового будівництва

Abstract

Досліджено різні погляди вчених-криміналістів на визначення поняття способу вчинення злочину, наголошено на важливому практичному значенні класифікації способів окремих злочинів. Виділено та проаналізовано типові способи шахрайства, вчиненого організованою злочинною групою у сфері житлового будівництва.It has been noted that criminals using gaps in housing legislation and abusing the trust of citizens, develop and implement various schemes of criminal attacks aimed at the acquisition of grantors’ assets. Thus, the objective of this article was to reveal the features of typical fraud methods committed by an organized criminal group in the housing sphere. The author has emphasized that fraud methods committed by organized criminal groups in the housing sphere are very different that complicates the investigation, detection and prevention of this crime. Using specific skills, knowledge and experience fraudsters chose the method of committing a fraud depending on the situation and circumstances contributing to the commission of a fraud and concealing the traces of the crime. Based on the analysis of court practice and legal literature the author has distinguished the following typical (in general) methods of fraud committed by an organized criminal group in the field of housing: fraud in the sale of a land; fraud at the conclusion of the preliminary purchase and sale agreement of an apartment in a newly built house; concluding a fictitious contract on equity participation in the construction of an apartment building; intended delaying the term of putting into commission the property object. It has been concluded that allocation of typical standard methods of fraud committed by an organized criminal group in the housing sphere makes it possible to detect: direct perpetrators of fraudulent actions in the field of housing; conditions that facilitated the commission of the offense; typical traces of organized criminal activity in the housing sphere.Исследованы различные мнения учёных-криминалистов относительно определения понятия способа совершения преступления, отмечено важное практическое значение классификации способов отдельных преступлений. Выделены и проанализированы типичные способы мошенничества, совершённого организованной преступной группой в сфере жилищного строительства.