Установлено підходи до розуміння юридичної відповідальності. Доведено, що існуючі в юридичній науковій та навчальній літературі погляди щодо
підходів до розуміння юридичної відповідальності є певною мірою суперечливими та логічно недосконалими. Представлено власну точку зору стосовно підходів до розуміння сутності досліджуваного правового явища.
It is established that there are two main approaches in understanding the nature, essence and content of legal liability within legal scientific literature.
The first approach is defined as monistic understanding of legal liability. It is
established that the proponents of this approach recognize only retrospective (negative) aspect of legal liability. Lawful conduct, according to the supporters of this approach, is not a part of the institution of legal liability.
The second approach is represented as dualistic one. It is proved that the supporters of this approach consider legal liability, on the one hand, as a negative phenomenon, reaction of the state to the unlawful conduct of a subject of law, and on the
other – as a positive phenomenon, lawful conduct, conscious, voluntary performance
by the subjects of law their duties provided by legal norms.
Special attention is paid to the fact that within the second (dualistic) approach
in understanding legal liability they distinguish retrospective (negative) and perspective (positive) liability.
It is noted that some scholars, supporting dualistic approach in understanding
legal liability, suggest to understand the latter as a comprehensive legal category that
has to combine negative (retrospective legal liability) and positive (perspective legal
liability) manifestations within its determination.
In turn, some scholars in the field of law, understanding legal liability as a
negative and as a positive phenomenon, defend the point of view that these are relatively independent aspects, kinds, types of legal liability that are interrelated, but their
union in a single concept is considered inappropriate.
Установлены подходы к пониманию юридической ответственности.
Доказано, что существующие в юридической научной и учебной литературе
взгляды относительно понимания юридической ответственности в определённой мере противоречивы и логически несовершенны. Представлена собственная
точка зрения относительно подходов к пониманию сущности юридической
ответственности.