Проаналізовано предмет злочину, передбаченого
ст. 330 Кримінального кодексу України. Визначено поняття «відомості, що становлять службову інформацію, зібрану у процесі оперативно-розшукової, контррозвідувальної діяльності, у сфері оборони країни».
Внесено пропозиції щодо вдосконалення законодавства
України щодо досліджуваного складу злочину.
The problem of studying the object of a crime in criminal law is always in
the spotlight. But still there are ongoing disputes concerning the definition of
the crime’s object.
One of the criminal and legal norms, where the object of a crime is mandatory feature of the offence is the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which
is called transfer or collection of knowledge that constitutes official information
gathered in the course of operative and search, counter-intelligence activities in
the field of the national defense.
The article’s objective is the analysis of the object of a crime under the Art.
330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the definition of the concept knowledge
that constitutes official information gathered in the course of operative and
search, counter-intelligence activities in the field of the national defense.
The object of the crime under the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is
recognized first, the information collected in the course of operative and search
activity; secondly, the information collected in the course of counter-intelligence
activity; thirdly, the information in the field of the national defense.
The information gathered in the course of operative and search activity
can be determined the information collected in the process of finding and fixing of evidence about illegal acts of individuals and groups, liability for which is
under the Criminal Code of Ukraine, intelligence and subversive activities of foreign special services and organizations aiming at suppression of offences and
in the interests of criminal proceedings, as well as obtaining information in the
security interests of citizens, society and the state.
The information gathered in the course of counter-intelligence activity
can be determined information collected first, in the process of extraction,
analytical processing and use of information that has features or evidence of
intelligence, terrorism and other activities of foreign special services and organizations, some groups and individuals harming the national security of Ukraine;
secondly, in the process of counteracting counter-intelligence, terrorism and
other activities of special services of foreign states and organizations, some
groups and individuals harming the national security of Ukraine; thirdly, in the
process of developing and implementing the measures to prevent, eliminate and
neutralize threats to the interests of the state, society and the rights of citizens.
Information in the field of defense is the information collected in the course
of political, economic, social, military, scientific, scientific and technical, IT,
legal, organizational and other measures of the state concerning preparation
for armed defense and its protection in case of military aggression or armed
conflict.
Solving the issue of classifying information to the crime’s object under the
Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, we should obligatory pay attention to
the fact that this information must be of the state secret.
Conclusions. The crime’s object under the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code of
Ukraine is knowledge that constitute official information gathered in the course
of operative and search, counter-intelligence activities in the field of the national defense. The object of the crime is information itself, but not a document,
which is marked “for official use only”.
It is offered to amend the disposition of the Art. 330 of the Criminal Code
of Ukraine, namely the words “knowledge that constitutes official information
gathered in the course of operative and search, counter-intelligence activities in
the field of the national defense” with the words “which are not classified as the
state secrets”.
Представлен анализ предмета преступления, предусмотренного
ст. 330 Уголовного кодекса Украины. Приведено определение понятия
«сведения, составляющие служебную информацию, собранную в процессе
оперативно-розыскной, контрразведывательной деятельности, в сфере
обороны страны. Внесены предложения по совершенствованию законодательства Украины относительно исследуемого состава преступления.
